Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten liquid or in aqueous solution dissolved in water , because their ions are free to move from place to place. Ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity when solid, as their ions are held in fixed positions and cannot move. Not all ionic substances are soluble and some are more soluble than others. When an ionic compound is added to water and dissolves it separates into its separate ions.
The ions are surrounded by water molecules. The ions in the solution respond to this electric field according to their charge. The positively charged ions sodium in a salt solution are attracted to the cathode and the negatively charged ions chloride ions in a salt solution are attracted to the anode. This movement of charged particles is an electric current , because current is simply the movement of charge.
When the ions reach their respective electrodes, they either gain or lose electrons to revert to their elemental state. For dissociated salt, the positively charged sodium ions congregate at the cathode and pick up electrons from the electrode, leaving it as elemental sodium.
This process is why ionic compounds conduct electricity in water. Lee Johnson is a freelance writer and science enthusiast, with a passion for distilling complex concepts into simple, digestible language.
He's written about science for several websites including eHow UK and WiseGeek, mainly covering physics and astronomy. He was also a science blogger for Elements Behavioral Health's blog network for five years. He studied physics at the Open University and graduated in Note how "chlorine" changes to "chloride" when it becomes an ion.
What is a Monatomic Ion? What Are the Properties of Ionic Crystals? Dec 16, Excellent question! The short answer is that ions can only conduct electricity when they are able to move. Related questions Question 79c2f. Question cd Why do ionic compounds dissolve in water?
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